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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate17 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
This chapter introduces the concept of development, highlighting that different individuals and communities have varied aspirations and goals. It emphasizes that development is not solely about economic growth but also involves aspects like education, health, and equality. Different indicators like Per Capita Income and Human Development Index (HDI) are discussed, explaining their relevance in measuring development. The chapter also touches on issues like sustainability and the importance of collective effort for national growth.
Key Topics
- •Various notions and goals of development
- •Income and non-income factors of development
- •Human Development Index (HDI)
- •Contrast between economic growth and development
- •Environmental sustainability
- •Development disparities among different regions
- •Role of education and health in development
- •Indicators for comparing development across countries
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand diverse perspectives on development.
- ✓Identify and explain different indicators used to measure development.
- ✓Evaluate the impact of income and non-income factors on development.
- ✓Explain the importance of sustainability in development.
- ✓Analyze the role of education and health in economic progress.
- ✓Discuss ways to address development disparities.
Questions in Chapter
Why do different persons have different notions of development?
Answer: Because life situations of persons are different.
Page 10
What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries?
Page 12
What are the limitations of using per capita income as an indicator of development?
Page 12
Explain how sustainability is important for development.
Page 16
Additional Practice Questions
How does the Human Development Index (HDI) differ from purely economic indicators of development?
mediumAnswer: HDI takes into account not only economic indicators such as per capita income but also considers educational attainment and life expectancy as measures of human development, providing a more holistic view of a country's progress.
Discuss the importance of education in achieving development.
mediumAnswer: Education is crucial for development as it empowers individuals with knowledge, skills, and the ability to participate effectively in society. It contributes to economic growth by improving productivity and innovation, and it plays a vital role in fostering social equity and inclusion.
What role does gender equality play in a country's development?
mediumAnswer: Gender equality is essential for development as it ensures that both men and women have equal opportunities to contribute to and benefit from economic, social, and political advancements. It leads to better decision-making, efficient use of resources, and a more robust and sustainable growth.
Explain how income inequality can affect national development.
hardAnswer: Income inequality can hinder national development by causing social unrest, limiting access to education and healthcare for poorer populations, and reducing economic mobility. It can also undermine the social cohesion necessary for effective governance and economic policies aimed at fostering growth and development.
How do environmental sustainability and economic development intersect?
hardAnswer: Environmental sustainability and economic development are interconnected as sustainable practices ensure that natural resources are preserved for future generations. Economic growth that ignores environmental impact can lead to resource depletion and ecological damage, whereas sustainable development seeks a balance between economic progress and environmental stewardship.