Chapter 9: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems
Geography - India People and Economy • Class 12
Download PDFLoading PDF...
Chapter Analysis
Intermediate10 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
The chapter 'Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems' discusses various environmental challenges in India, including air, water, and noise pollution. It highlights the impact of urban waste disposal, rural-urban migration, and slum conditions on society. The chapter also explores efforts like the Namami Gange Programme to address these issues and emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices for resource management and urban planning.
Key Topics
- •Environmental pollution
- •Air pollution
- •Water pollution
- •Urban waste disposal
- •Rural-urban migration
- •Slum development
- •Namami Gange Programme
- •Resource management
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the major types and sources of environmental pollution.
- ✓Analyze the social and economic impact of urbanization on Indian cities.
- ✓Assess the challenges and solutions for managing urban waste.
- ✓Evaluate the effects of rural-urban migration and its impact on slum development.
- ✓Comprehend the objectives and strategies of the Namami Gange Programme.
Questions in Chapter
Which one of the following rivers is highly polluted?
Answer: Yamuna
Page 105
Which one of the following diseases is caused by water pollution?
Answer: Diarrhoea
Page 105
Which one of the following is the cause of acid rain?
Answer: Air pollution
Page 105
Push and pull factors are responsible for–
Answer: Migration
Page 105
What is the difference between pollution and pollutants?
Page 105
Describe the major source of air pollution.
Page 105
Mention major problems associated with urban waste disposal in India.
Page 105
What are the effects of air pollution on human health.
Page 105
Describe the nature of water pollution in India.
Page 105
Describe the problem of slums in India.
Page 105
Suggest measures for reduction of land degradation.
Page 105
Additional Practice Questions
What are the main pollutants responsible for air pollution in urban areas?
mediumAnswer: The main pollutants are oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter from vehicles and industrial activities.
How does the Namami Gange Programme aim to improve the condition of the Ganges River?
mediumAnswer: The programme aims to develop sewerage treatment systems, monitor industrial effluents, develop river fronts, afforest river banks, and create public awareness to prevent pollutants.
Explain the impact of urban waste disposal on the environment and health.
hardAnswer: Improper disposal of waste leads to pollution of land and water bodies, the spread of diseases due to poor sanitary conditions, and contamination of air quality due to untreated waste emissions.
Analyze the role of cultural activities in contributing to water pollution.
mediumAnswer: Activities such as religious fairs and tourism increase water pollution through waste generation and ritual practices, leading to increased pollutant levels in water bodies.
Discuss the socio-economic factors driving rural-urban migration in India.
easyAnswer: Factors include the search for better employment opportunities, higher wages in urban areas, and reduced employment opportunities in rural regions due to agricultural decline.