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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate24 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
The chapter 'Drainage' in Class 9 Geography introduces the concept of drainage, explaining it as the river system of an area. It delves into the drainage systems of India, categorizing them into Himalayan and Peninsular river systems. The chapter discusses the origin and significance of major Indian rivers like the Ganga, Indus, and Brahmaputra, and their roles in the economy and environment. It also highlights issues like river pollution and the need for conservation efforts like the Ganga Action Plan.
Key Topics
- •Concept of drainage and drainage basins
- •Himalayan river systems
- •Peninsular river systems
- •Significance of rivers in economy
- •River pollution and conservation efforts
- •Importance of lakes
- •Differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers
- •Economic benefits of rivers and lakes
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the concept of drainage and its various types
- ✓Identify major Indian rivers and their sources
- ✓Analyze the role of rivers in the economy and environment
- ✓Evaluate the impact of river pollution and conservation efforts
- ✓Differentiate between Himalayan and Peninsular river systems
- ✓Recognize the importance of lakes in ecological and economic contexts
Questions in Chapter
In which of the following states is the Wular lake located?
Answer: (d) Jammu and Kashmir
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The river Narmada has its source at
Answer: (c) Amarkantak
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Which one of the following lakes is a salt water lake?
Answer: (a) Sambhar
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Which one of the following is the longest river of the Peninsular India?
Answer: (c) Godavari
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Which one amongst the following rivers flows through a rift valley?
Answer: (d) Tapi
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What is meant by a water divide? Give an example.
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Which is the largest river basin in India?
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Where do the rivers Indus and Ganga have their origin?
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Name the two headstreams of the Ganga. Where do they meet to form the Ganga?
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Why does the Brahmaputra in its Tibetan part have less silt, despite a longer course?
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Which two Peninsular rivers flow through trough?
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State some economic benefits of rivers and lakes.
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Additional Practice Questions
Explain the significance of the Ganga Action Plan.
mediumAnswer: The Ganga Action Plan was initiated to improve the water quality of the Ganga River, addressing pollution reduction and conservation. It was expanded under the National River Conservation Plan to include other rivers, aiming to enhance their water quality and ensure they remain a viable resource for human activities.
Discuss the economic impact of river pollution in India.
hardAnswer: River pollution in India adversely impacts agriculture, fishing, and tourism, resulting in health issues, loss of biodiversity, and reduced water availability for irrigation and industrial use. Cleaning initiatives like the National River Conservation Plan aim to address these challenges and improve economic conditions dependent on rivers.
What are the main differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers?
mediumAnswer: Himalayan rivers are perennial, originating from snow and rain, and have longer courses with steep gradients, whereas Peninsular rivers depend on monsoon rains, are seasonal, and have shorter, less steep courses. They differ in their sediment load and erosional activities, leading to distinct delta formations.
Describe the role of rivers in Indian agriculture.
easyAnswer: Rivers are crucial for Indian agriculture, providing irrigation vital for crop production, particularly in monsoon-fed regions. River basins support extensive farming activities, and dams built on rivers help in water management and flood prevention, contributing to the overall agricultural yield and food security.
Analyze how river conservation plans can aid in sustainable development.
hardAnswer: River conservation plans like those focusing on pollution abatement and ecosystem restoration ensure the sustainability of water resources, supporting agriculture, maintaining biodiversity, and enhancing tourism. Such plans are essential for balancing economic development with environmental stewardship and addressing the impacts of climate change.