Chapter 5: Life Processes

Science • Class 10

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Chapter Analysis

Intermediate20 pages • English

Quick Summary

This chapter discusses the fundamental life processes essential for sustaining life. It covers topics like nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion in organisms, emphasizing the biochemical activities involved in maintaining homeostasis. The chapter also explores the differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, the transport system in plants and animals, and mechanisms of excretion.

Key Topics

  • Nutrition
  • Respiration
  • Transportation
  • Excretion
  • Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition
  • Transport systems in plants
  • Photosynthesis
  • Human circulatory system

Learning Objectives

  • Understand the basic life processes
  • Differentiate between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition
  • Explain the human and plant transport systems
  • Describe the process of respiration and its types
  • Identify the organs and their functions in human excretion
  • Understand the role of homeostasis in living organisms

Questions in Chapter

The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for

Answer: excretion.

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The xylem in plants are responsible for

Answer: transport of water.

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The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires

Answer: carbon dioxide and water, chlorophyll, and sunlight.

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The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in

Answer: mitochondria.

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How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?

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What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?

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Additional Practice Questions

Explain the process of transportation in plants.

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Answer: The transport of soluble products of photosynthesis in plants occurs in the vascular tissue known as phloem, involving the movement of materials from leaves to other parts of the plant.

Describe the structure and function of alveoli in human lungs.

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Answer: Alveoli are tiny balloon-like structures in the lungs which provide a large surface area for gas exchange, facilitating the transfer of oxygen to blood and carbon dioxide from blood.

What factors can impact the rate of aerobic respiration?

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Answer: The rate of aerobic respiration can be influenced by oxygen availability, temperature, nutrient availability, and the presence of other metabolic pathways in cells.

How does the human circulatory system maintain homeostasis?

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Answer: The circulatory system, comprising the heart, blood vessels, and blood, transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells and removes waste products, maintaining homeostasis by ensuring stable internal conditions.

Discuss the role of ATP in metabolic processes.

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Answer: ATP acts as an energy currency in cells, providing the energy needed for various cellular activities such as muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and nerve impulse conduction.

NCERT Exemplar

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Practice with NCERT Exemplar problems and solutions for this chapter. Exemplar problems are designed to help you master the concepts with advanced-level questions.

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