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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate12 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
The chapter 'Transportation in Animals and Plants' discusses the mechanisms by which animals and plants transport essential substances like water, nutrients, and waste materials. In animals, the circulatory system, consisting of the heart and blood vessels, facilitates the transport of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products. In plants, the vascular tissue, composed of xylem and phloem, transports water, minerals, and synthesized food throughout the plant. The chapter emphasizes the importance of these systems in maintaining life processes.
Key Topics
- •Circulatory system in animals
- •Components of blood
- •Transport of water and nutrients in plants
- •Vascular tissue: Xylem and Phloem
- •Transpiration in plants
- •Excretory system in animals
- •Heart function and structure
- •Plant absorption processes
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the function of the circulatory system in animals
- ✓Identify the components and functions of blood
- ✓Describe how water and nutrients are transported in plants
- ✓Explain the role of xylem and phloem in plant transport
- ✓Recognize the processes of transpiration and its effects
- ✓Comprehend the excretory processes in animals and humans
Questions in Chapter
Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
Page 80
The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the ______.
Page 81
What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
Page 81
Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
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Describe the function of the heart.
Page 81
Additional Practice Questions
Explain the role of haemoglobin in the transport of oxygen.
mediumAnswer: Haemoglobin is a red pigment found in red blood cells. It binds with oxygen in the lungs and carries it to all parts of the body, releasing oxygen to cells that need it for respiration.
Describe how water moves from the soil into the plant through the roots.
mediumAnswer: Water enters the plant through root hairs, which increase the surface area for absorption. It moves through the xylem vessels to reach other parts of the plant, driven by transpiration pull and root pressure.
What are the components of the human circulatory system?
easyAnswer: The human circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and a network of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries.
How do plants manage the loss of water through transpiration?
hardAnswer: Plants manage water loss through transpiration by closing stomata during the hottest parts of the day to reduce evaporation and by absorbing more water from the soil to maintain turgor pressure.
Why is it important for waste products to be removed from the body?
mediumAnswer: Removal of waste products is crucial to prevent toxic build-up in the body, which can disrupt cellular functions and lead to health issues. Excretion maintains homeostasis by regulating chemical composition and balancing water and salts.
NCERT Exemplar
AvailablePractice with NCERT Exemplar problems and solutions for this chapter. Exemplar problems are designed to help you master the concepts with advanced-level questions.
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